Prepare the dressing by whisking together the sesame oil, apple cider vinegar, soy sauce, honey, chili paste or sriracha if using, and a pinch of salt and pepper. Set aside or refrigerate if making ahead.
Heat the frozen shelled edamame in the microwave until warm, then sprinkle lightly with salt and let cool.
Break the ramen noodles into small pieces and toast them along with the slivered almonds in a dry nonstick skillet over medium heat until golden and fragrant. Allow to cool.
In a large bowl, toss together the cabbage slaw, chopped red cabbage, shredded carrots, diced green onions, cooled edamame, toasted ramen, toasted almonds, and sesame seeds.
Drizzle the prepared dressing over the salad, mixing thoroughly to coat all ingredients evenly. Add sunflower seeds on top if desired before serving.