In a large pot, cook the sausage over medium heat until browned and cooked through.
Add the diced onion and cook until softened, about 5 minutes.
Stir in the garlic and cook for an additional minute until fragrant.
Add the white beans, diced green chilies, and chicken broth to the pot.
Season with cumin, oregano, chili powder, salt, and pepper.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 25 minutes.
Stir in the sour cream and shredded cheese until melted and well combined.
Serve hot, garnished with fresh cilantro.